Screw-making machine.



No. 651,394. Ptented lune l2, |900.

. T. J. sLoAN.

SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

wnNEssEs: f INVENTOR BWM y@ TH: imams Firms co.. PHoTauTHo.. wAsmNoroN, u, c.

(No Model.)

wie

WITNESSES:

www

T. J. SLAN.`

SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

(Application led Apr. 28,' 1897.)

we Nonms PETERS co., Puma-ums.. WASHINGTON. D. e:A

Patented June l2, |900.

8 Sheets-Sheet 2 f' INVENTOR ATTOBN EY S y Patented :une l2, |900.'

T. J. sLoAN. SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

(Application l'ed Apr. 28, 1897.)

8 She'ete-Sheei 3.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR BY @kwek v7 44% ATTORNEYS "m: Nonms nails en, pHoro-nwo.. wAsHnmmw, u. r:

No. 651,394. P'aehd :une l2, |900.

T. J. sLoAN.

.SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

(Application mea Apr. 2s i897.) (nu ugual.) a sheets-sheet 4.

. \`1` WITNESSES: INVENTOB` fila/.Mmm

ATTORNEYS me Nonkls arias co.. PHoTo-Llmo., WASHINGTON. n. c

Nb. 65|,394. Patented lune l2, |900.

T. J. sLoAN.

SCREW MAKING MACHINE (Application led Apr. 23, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

m: Noam; Przns zo, PHoTaumo., WASHINGTON. @.c,

Patented lune l2', |900.

T. .1. sLmfm.- scmaw MAKING MAcHiNE.

(Applicmdn ined Apr. 2s, 1597.)

sheets-Sheet s.

(No Model.)

ma :mums PETEHS co. Pnoaumo., wnsumnwu, D c.

No. 65|,394. y Patented lune`|2|9oo. T. J. sLoAN.

SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

(A nd' mdA .28,1897.) (No Model.) pp c on e Pr 8Sheets-Shnet 7.

. &MMXU

JWM@

@n/5mg. W

la, www@ No. 65|,s94. Patented Junel'z, |900.

T.J.s|.oAN. SCREW MAKING MACHINE.

(Application led Apr. 23 1897.) (un Model.)

8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS THC Nonms Prrzns co. vHOTuLlTHo., WASHINGTON.

rrrcn.

THOMAS JAMES SLOAN, F PARIS, FRANCE.

SCREW-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION Yforming part of Letterslatent N o. 651,394, dated June 12, 1900.

Application filed April 2s, 1897.

T0 LZZ whom t nttty concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J AMES SLOAN, of the city of Paris,France,have invented Improvements in Screw-Making Machines, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in France for lifteen years, dated August 29, 1896, No. 259,294), of which thefollowingis a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to machines for the manufacture of screws,and is specially adapted to the manufacture of wood-screws. I have in the accompanying drawings shown by way of example, one f orm of my invention embodied in a machine for the manufacture of wood-screws.

In the construction illustrated the machine consists of two principal organisms-to wit, Iirst, the carrier which serves to bring the screw-blanks up to the mechanism for cutting the screw and to remove theiinished screw, and, second, the mechanism for. cutting the screw, within which term I include also any mechanism for producing a screw, such as threading mechanism, and the cutter for giving the preliminary point to the blank.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 1a when taken together represent a front elevation of a wood-screwfmakin g machine in which my invention is embodied. Figs. 2 and 2 when taken together represent the said machine in plan. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the said machine, the section being taken on the line :1: :c of Fig. 1a. Fig. 4 is a plan vie7 of the, screw-cutting tools with the devices for electing the movement thereof, the section being taken on line Z Z of Fig. 1f. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of the devices for eifecting a downward movement of the tool-carrying holder, the said section being taken on the line yy of Figs. 1a and 3. Fig. G is a sectional`view,.on a large scale, of one of the chucks for holding the blanks while they are being cut. Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of the gripper of the carrying mechanism, which gripper is adapted to grasp and hold a screw and a screw-blank at the'same time; and Fig. S is a side elevation of a detail of the mechanism. Fig. 9 is ,a sectional elevation of a portion of the mechanism, the object being to clearly show the screw-pointing device. Fig. 10 is all enlarged detail elevation of the tool or screw-thread cutter and 'serial No. 633,511. (No model.)

the adjacent parts. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the slides which carry the screw-cutting devices, the tool-rest being omitted. Fig. 12 is a plan thereof. Fig. 13 is a detail plan view of the tool-rest, and Fig. 14 is a side elevation thereof.

I will first describe the devices for cutting the screw and the meansfor producing-the travel of the chucks. It will be understood that the chucks are caused to travel, preferably, in a rectangular path, so that the tools for cutting the screws may be located in a straight line, the said chucks passing continuously in procession in front of the tools, so that the screw-blanks carried by the chucks may be operated upon successively by the successive tools, which are so mounted as to have a progressively-less effect upon kthe screwblank, so that each tool corrects the work of its predecessor, the first tool eiecting the roughing and the last tool the final finishing and polishing.

Referring for the present to Fig. 6, which figure shows a Screw or blank carrying chuck hereinafter also called a screw-blank carrier and screw-blank-carrying device or holder, 3 is a casing carried by a yoke 6, which forms part of the chuck. In the casing 3 a spring 2 is located, which bears upon a collar 2 on the spindle A, which is freely movable in the casing 3 and is provided with a pair of grooves 100, in which work studs 101, carried by jaws 102, pivoted on a pivot 103, carried by the side bars or cheeks 104 of the casing 3. The jaws 102 are adapted to be opened and closed by the descent and rise of the spindle A'. It will be understood that'a screw-blank is gripped between the jaws 102 of each chuck. The chucks, which will herel inafter be referred to and designated by the letter B, travel in a row along the front of the machine on guides or rails 105, which enter the slots 7 in the chucks B. At the ends of the rails 105 a transporting mechanism is provided consisting, essentially, of the pairs of rails 8, which are actuated by a link connection 9, operated, by an arm 106, actuated from `a segment 10,7, which segment 107 receives movement from a rising-and-falling rack 108, operated by the cam 50, carried upon the shaft 51. It will .be observed that there are two of these transporting mechanisms, one at each ICO end of the machine. It will thus be seen that starting from the point I the chucks will trav'- erse a circuit and successively occupy the positions II, III, IV, V, and VI, whereupon the transporting mechanism 8 comes into action and carries the end chuck from the position VI to the position VII, where the constantlyrotating worm 10 engages in a rack or tooth 109, carried on the side of each chuck B. This constantly-rotatin g worm thereby causes the chuck to slide along the rails 105 from the position VII to the position VIII,where the other transporting mechanism carries it into the position I. The forward movement of the chucks along the front of the machine is pro duced by a pusher 14, (see Figs. 1, 1a, 2, and 2,) which bears against the end chuck and is operated by the cam 15, which is carried on a shaft 15, suitably driven from the main shaft C of the machine. It will be understood that the chucks bear against each other in the procession and that pushing one chuck will result in pushing the other chucks which are in front of it. The blanks are placed in the chucks when they are in the position I by the carrier shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the iinished screw being first removed from the chuck by the same carrier in a manner hereinafter described. t

The rotation of the chucks is effected by the worm 5, carried on a shaft 13, gearing with the gear 4 on the spindle A of the chucks. (See Fig. 3.) A small section of worm 11 receives the chucks from the transporting mechanism, and being splined onto the shaft 13 and held up to the worm 5 by the pressure of a spring 12 sets the rotatory parts of the chucks into rotation without shock.

The mechanism for pointing the screwblank `is suitably located in the machine. This pointing mechanism is shown in the drawings as an ordinary milling-tool 16,carried upon ashaft 110, (see Fig. 9,) which is raised and lowered by an arm 17, operated upon by a cam 17 on the shaft 52, which shaft 52 is driven by a train'of gears 111 and 112 from the main shaft C of the machine. The chuck is open only in the position I to deliver a iinished screw and to receive a screw-blank by any suitable means. The opening of the chuck is preferably effected automatically by means of the lever 113, (see Fig. 1,) adapted to bear upon the stem Aof the chuck B,which lever 113 is actuated from a cam 115, carried on the shaft 15a. vThe tools for cutting the thread of the screws are marked 54 in the drawings (see Fig. 10) and are preferably made adjustable in any ordinary manner, being attached to ribs 21 on a tool-rest or carrier-bar 21, pivoted at 22 on the carriage 24.

It is important to have the tools adjustable, as unless the successive tools cut in the groove formed by their predecessor they will destroy the work of said predecessor by cutting away the fin or thread formed in the blank by their predecessor or predecessors.

The motions of the tools and tool-rest will now be described; It will be understood that the tools must receive a forward motion to bring them into contact with the blank and that they should likewise receive a downward motion, so as to cut the thread, and a templet should be provided whereby these motions are made to conform to the general profile of the screw. Some means should also be provided for retracting the tools from the work, so that after they have descended and made a cut they can ascend free from contact with the work to make a new cut.

The mechanism for producing the movements of thc tools in the screw-cutting operation will now be described.

The carriage 24 is connected by lugs 27, Fig. 1, to rods 2S, connected at their lower ends by a cross-head 29, apertu red to receive the end of a shaft 120, having a collar 121, which bears upon said cross-head 29 and upon which shaft is keyed the lead-worm 30. Motion is imparted to the shaft 120 by a pair of ruiter wheels 31 32. The shaft can slide through wheel 31, which is in one piece with a pinion 122,that drives a gear 123, keyed on the camshaft 33, Figs. 1a and 3. The shaft 33 has two cams 34 and 35, of which the former engages the nut 36 on rod 5G with the lead-worm 30 (see Fig. 5) when the tool-holding slide-rest is to be moved downward, and when said slide-rest is at the lower pointof its stroke the nut 36 suddenly becomes disengaged from the lead-worm 30 and the toolholding apparatus is raised by a strong spring 55; but in order to prevent shock by a too sudden return motion the cross-head 29 has a bracket 37, carrying a roller 3S,which runs against the lower cam 35, keyed on shaft 33, so as to control the return motion. The nut 36 is constantly pressed against the cam 34 by a spring 124.

The tool-carrying mechanism or carriagev carries a steel templet 39, Figs. 1 and 4, having the exact profile of the lower part of the screw and bearing constantly against the cam 40, which makes a complete revolution at each cut. The cam is provided with a notch 127 to allow of the disengagementofthe tool after the cut is terminated. This cam 40 is carried upon a shaft 125, which receives motion from the shaft 52 through suitable intermediate gearing 126. The shaft 52 receives motion from the shaft C by means ofgears 111 and 112. The feed of the tool is produced with the aid of an abutment 128 on the tool-rest 2l bearing constantly againsta cam 41, Fig. 4, which makes one revolution for every three cutting operations and during a period of cessation ofthe cutting to permit the removal of the finished screw, insertion of a blank, and motion of the chuck on its rails. The cam 41 is mounted upon a shaft 129, which is driven by the shaft 52 through gearing 130. is divided into four parts. During the first cut the abutment bears upon the part al b, during the second cut upon the part c cl, during the third upon the part e f, and during the The cam.

IOO

IIO

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2o .ing chucks B are moved along.

travel of the part f a over the abutment the operations of pushing the chucks forward, removing the finished screw, and inserting a blank in the chuck at I are performed. The depressions in the cam are for the purpose of allowing the carriage and tool-rest to rise upon the completion of each cut. The toolholder being pivoted at 22, the forward feed of the tools supported thereby will be the less the nearer a tool is to the pivot 22-that is to say, the nearer the screw is to completion. Opposite each screw being operated upon is a grooved backstay 43, Figs. 3, 4, and 10, to resist the pressure of the tool, these backstays being mounted on a reciprocating slide 44, moved back and forth by a connectingrod 131 and crank 45, pivoted on a rod 45a and operated by the cam 57 on shaft 51, so as to give passage to the screws when the slid- The spring 45 restores the parts to position. The slide 25, in which the carriage 24 slides vertically, is operated by the link 132, connected to the lever 133, pivoted at 134 to the framing of the machine. A cam 58 on shaft 51 bears on the free end of the lever 133 and transmits motion thereby to the slide 25.

The general operation of the tool-moving means just described is as follows: The cam 34 engages the nut 36 in the lead-worm 30, causing its shaft 120, and cross-head 29, rods 28, and also the tool-supporting means 24 to move downward. When the cut is terminated, the slide 25 comes forward and moves the tools out of the work. At the same time that the nut 36 is disengaged and the tool-supporting meansrises cam 41 makes one-fourth of a turn, and the second cutis made and then the third. It will of course be understood that the cam 4l is gradually advancing the tool-carriage 24 during this time. During the next or fourth passage of the tools the latter make no cut in order to allow the chucks to be pushed along on the rails 105. The pointing of the screw is effected in the ordinary manner when the blank is placed in the chuck at II. The mechanism represented at the left of Figs. 1 and 2 removes the finished screw from a chuck and replaces it by a screw-blank. This operationis performed with lthe aid of a double carrier 134, Fig. 7, the finished screw being received by the jaws 135, while the screw-blank is held by the jaws 136. The carrier 134 is mounted on the extremity of a lever 137, turned about a rock-shaft 138 by means of a toothed sector 139 and rack 140. The rock-shaft 138 may receive to-and-fro motion in a longitudinal direction by means.

of a cam 141 through the jointed-lever connections 142 143 144' 145, and the rack 140 may be operated by cam 146 through the suitably-supported join ted-lever connections 147, 148, and 149. The carrier 137 takes the screwblanks from the lower end 151 of a feed-tube 152, which has afunnel-mouth 153, into which the screw-blanks are dropped one by one with the aid of the following mechanism: The

lblanks are placed pellmell in a slowly-revolving tray 154, which is mounted upon a shaft 155, revolved by a gear 156, meshing with a pinion carried upon the shaft 15, which carries the cams 146 and 161 and receives motion from the main shaft C through ysuitable intermediate gearing, (shown in dotver 164, after which fork 159 receives fromcam 161 a slight jerking motion, by which the blanks are caused to pass to the point 165, at which is placed a device somewhatresembling the anchor-escapement of a watch 166. The blanks thus pass one by one and drop through aguide 167 into the funnel 153 of tube 152. The oscillatory motion of escapement166, which regulates the passage of the blanks, is transmitted from cam-shaft 15 by means of a cam 168, (see Fig. 1,) keyed onnsaid shaft, operating on a lever 169, carried on vertical rod 171, the lever 169 having an extensionl 170, connected to the escapement 166 byl a link 172. tionary, while the cam-shaft 15 and the shaft 155, which carries the tray 154, rotate. The feeding of the screw-threading apparatus is effected, as before mentioned, when a chuck B is in position I, at which moment the feedarm 137 seizes, by means of the spring carrier-jaws 136, ascreW-blank at 151,Whereupon The rod 171 is stathe arm is brought by the rack opposite the l of the arm 113 is released. The-carrier again.

swings and allows the nished screw to drop into a box provided for the purpose, (not shown,) the operation being then repeated, and so on. Each screw delivered corresponds to one revolution of shaft 15 and one oscillation of escapement 116. blank is seized at 151 one will be supplied by the fork 159. Y

It is to --be understood that the forms, dimensions, and details of arrangement of the various parts constituting this improved machine may be varied without in any way departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

isi 1. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a row of thread-cutting tools arranged in substantially a straightline and operating simultaneously upon separate blanks and means for automatically conveying a procession of blanks in a ron1 before the cutting tools from one vtool to yanother and for holding the said blanks while they are being cut,

The chuck Y IIO Thus every time av so that each blank passes in its holder before the row of tools and is operated upon successively by the several tools.

2. Ina machine for threading screws, the combination of a set of cutting-tools with means for causing the same to operate successively upon a screw-blank, one tool making the initial cut and the successive tool or tools working in the cut made by a preceding tool and means for causing the said tools to operate simultaneously upon a series of screw-blanks.

3. In a machine for threading screws, the combination of a plurality of thread-cutting tools arranged in substantially a straight line and located so as to operate successively upon a single blank and simultaneously upon a series of blanks, the rst tool making the initial cut and the successive tools working in the cut made by the first tool and means for moving the blanks to the cutting-tools.

4. In a machine for making screws,the combination of a plurality of thread-cuttin g tools arranged to operate successively upon a single blank and simultaneously upon a series of blanks, the iirst tool making the initial cut and the successive tools working in the cut made by the first tool, means for automatically moving the blanks to the tools and means for automatically and simultaneously moving the plurality of tools in the direction of the length of vthe blanks during the cutting operation.

5. In a machine for making screws, the combination of a plurality of cutting-tools arranged to operate successively upon a single blank, the first tool making the initial cut and the successive tools working in the cut made by the rst tool, means for automatically moving the blanks to the cutting-tools and means for automatically moving each of the tools toward the work to a dierent degree from the movement imparted to the other tools whereby the degree of cut made by each tool upon a blank is different from that made by the other tools.

6. In a machine for making screws, the combination of a plurality of cutting-tools arranged to operate successively upon a single blank, the first tool making the initial cut and the successive tools working in the eut made by the first t-ool, means forrautomatically moving the blanks to the cutting-tools, means for simultaneously adjusting a plurality of the cutting-tools, means for automatically and simultaneously moving a plurality of tools in the direction of the length of the blanks during the cutting operation and means for automatically moving each of the tools toward the work to adiit'erent degrec from the movement imparted to the other tools, whereby the degree of cut made by each tool upon a blank is dierent from that made by the other tools.

7. In a machine for making screws, the combination of a plurality of cutting-tools arranged to operate successively upon a single blank, the rst tool making the initial cut and the successive tools working in the cut made by the tirst tool, means `for automatic ally moving the blanks to the cutting-tools, means for automatically and simultaneously moving the plurality of tools in the direction ot' the length of the blanks during the cutting operation, means for automatically moving each of the tools toward the work to a different degree from the movement imparted to the other tools, whereby the degreeof the cut made by each tool upon a blank is difterent from that made by the other tools and means for automatically guiding the plurality of cutting-tools laterally with relation to the screw-blanks during the cutting operation to give the lprofile to the finished screw.

S. In a machine for making screws, the combination of a pluralityof screw-blank-holding chucks, mechanism for rotating said chucks,

means for automatically placing screw-blanks in said chucks and for removing finished screws therefrom, a plurality of thread-cutting tools arranged in a straight line and located so as to operate successively upon a single blank, the iirst of said tools producing the initial cut and successive tools working in the cut made by the first tool, mechanism for automatically moving the chucks to the cutting tools, devices for simultaneously moving all the said tools in the direction of the length of the blanks during `the cutting operation, mechanism :for automatically moving eachof said tools toward the work to a different degree from the movement imparted to the other tools, whereby the degree of cut made by ,each tool upon a blank is different from that made by the other tools and means for automatically guiding the plurality of thread-cutting tools laterally With relation to the screw-blanks during the cutting operation to give the prole to thenished screws.

9. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a series of thread-cutting tools arranged in a row, a row of traveling rotating chuckscarrying blanks to be operated upon by the screw-thread-cutting tools, and means for causing Athe .tools and blanks to be engaged with each other at predetermined times, the said tools operating simultaneously upon separate blanks and means for producing aforward movementor progression of the chucks at predetermined times to transfer the chucks carrying blanks to the next tool of the series, whereby each blank `will be operated upon successively by the successive tools and a series of `blanks will vbe operated upon simultaneously by the series of tools, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.

10. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a series of moving rotating chucks, a series of thread-cutting tools in operative relation to the said chucks and xed with respect to the movement of translation thereof, means for causing the said tools to operate upon a series of blanks carried in the said chucks simultaneously and means for inter- ICO ITO

rupting the operation of the tools and feeding the chucks forward during the inactive period of the said tools, whereby each blank will be operated upon in turn by the row of tools, the said tools operating simultaneously uponpa series of blanks.

1l. In a screw-making machine, the combination of blank-carrying devices with means for causing the same to travel in substantially a straight line, of a series of thread-cutting tools arranged. in substantially a straight line in operative relation to the blank-carrying devices, means for effecting the engagement of tools and blanks for the thread-cutting operation, means for interrupting such operation and means for feeding the blankcarrying devices forward when the threadcutting devices are out of operation, whereby` each screw in the procession is operated upon by each tool and a plurality of blanksv are operated upon simultaneously by a plurality of tools.

12. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a procession of movable screwblank-carrying devices, a series of tools in operative relation to said screW-blank-carrying devices to operate upon blanks carried by the said screw-blankcarrying devices and station ary with respect to the motion of translation of the blanks, a common swinging carrier carrying the said tools and means for producing a swing of the carrier and for allowing a progression of the screw-blank-carryin g devices when the tools have been moved away from the work, whereby each screw is operated upon successively by the series of tools and a series of tools operate simultaneously upon a series of screw-blanks.

13. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a procession of independent rotating screw-blank-carrying devices traveling on rails or guides, a plurality of thread-cutting tools arranged to operate upon screw-blanks carried by the procession of screw-blank-car- 'ryin g devices, combined with operatin g means for causing the said tools to operate successively upon a single blank, 4the first tool making the initial cut and successive tools working in the cut made by the first tool.

14. In a screw-making machine, the combiinitial cut and successive tools yworking in the f cut made by the rst tool and means for automatically moving the blanks to the cuttingtools.

15. In a screw-making machine, the combination of rails or guides, a series of rotating chucks carried by said rails or guides, screwthread cutters for cutting blanks carried by said chucks and means for causing an intermittent progressive movement of the said chucks past the tools.

16. The combination of the guides, the chucks moving thereon, means for :rotating the chucks, thread-cutting means and means for alternately operating the cutting means and moving the chucks forward on the guides.

17. The combination of guides or rails forming a closed path or circuit, blank-carrying chucks moving thereon, means for moving the chucks on the guides or rails and screw-cutting means in the path of the blanks.

18. In a screw-making machine, the combination of a series of screw-blank carriers with means for causing a movement of translation thereof, a series of thread-cutting tools in positions fixed with respect to the movement of translation of the carriers, and means for intermittently moving the carriers over spaces equal to the distance between adjacent thread-cutting tools,whereby blanks are operated upon successively by the successive tools and a series of blanks carried by the carriers is operated upon simultaneously by the series of tools.

The foregoing specification of my improvements in screw-making machines signed by me this 5th day of April, 1897.

THOMAS .I AMES SLOAN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD P. MAOLEAN, v MAURICE HENRI PIGNET. 

